Chemistry 309 - Survey of General, Organic, and Biochemical Chemistry

Course Topics

The topics for this course are typically allocated as follows (approximate number of lecture and lab hours spent on each topic are shown in the left columns):

Lec	Lab	Topic
4	0	Measurements & unit analysis - metric and SI units - scientific notation - dimensional analysis - density, temperature scales - interconvert one quantity to another - drug dosage calculations
0	3	Measurements of physical quantities as it applies to the allied health sciences
2	0	Matter: atoms and elements - states of matter and properties, changes - chemical changes - chemical symbols and names symbols - the atomic theory - periodic table
0	3	Physical and chemical properties of matter
3	0	Chemical bonds - valence electrons, Lewis structures - octet rule, ion formation, formation of ionic compounds - polyatomic ions and their compounds - molar masses
0	3	Nomenclature of ionic compounds and molecular compounds given the names and vice versa
2	0	Nomenclature - naming of ionic compounds and molecular compounds given the names and vice versa
0	3	Molecular shapes around the central atom, polarity of bonds, and overall polarity of the molecule
6	0	Introductions to organic chemistry - structural formulae - intermolecular forces - hydrocarbons: properties and nomenclature - isomerism: constitutional and geometric - organic functional groups
0	4	Physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons; the relationship between a structural formula and a three dimensional formula through the use of molecular models, constitutional, and geometric isomerism
3	0	Gas laws - pressure, absolute temperature, vapor pressure concept - workings of the sphygmomanometer, use of the hyperbaric chamber, and autoclave
0	5	Relationships of the variables, such as pressure, temperature, volume and amount of gas, understanding of the bends, mechanisms of breathing: exhaling and inhaling
3	0	Chemical reactions - balancing equations - the mole concept - classifications of reactions - survey of stoichiometry calculations
0	3	Synthesize and purify aspirin, determine limiting reactant, theoretical yield and percent yield
2	0	Energy diagrams and rates of reactions - spontaneous and nonspontaneous process - energy changes - factors that affect the rate of a chemical reaction
5	0	Aqueous systems - nature of aqueous solutions - solubility behavior of gases, liquids, and solids, arterial blood gases - concentration effects: osmosis and dialysis - solubility behaviors of biomolecules
0	3	Use dialysis to understand the process of osmosis; understand solvent properties of water and apply solubility rules
5	0	Lipids - waxes - triacylglycerides: structure and reactivity, function - steroids: structure and function - phospholipids: structure and function - cell membranes
0	4	Investigate physical and chemical properties of lipids, make soap and understand what constitutes hard and soft water and their behavior toward soaps and detergents
6	0	Acids, bases, and salts - acid-base theory - strong and weak electrolytes - neutralization reactions - ionization of water and pH - equilibrium-Le Chatlier’s principle - buffers - applications: blood buffers, acidosis, alkalosis
0	6	Analysis of antacids, neutralization reaction and titration techniques, electrolytes, acids, bases, pH, buffers, Le Chatlier’s principle
6	0	Organic chemistry-functional groups - Nomenclature of common functional groups, such as alcohols, phenols, thiols, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, amines, esters, and amides - physical and chemical properties of each classification
0	4	Optical isomerism; physical and chemical properties of organic oxygen containing compounds
6	0	Carbohydrates - structure: cyclic and linear forms, mutarotation - polysaccharide formation, stereochemistry - functions and reactions of monosaccharides and polysaccharides
0	4	Identification tests of carbohydrates, digestion of polysaccharides and modelling anomers of glucose
6	0	Proteins - structural features - side chain properties - polypeptide structural features: primary structure, peptide bonds - secondary structure: alpha helix, beta sheet - tertiary structure and side chain reactivity - quaternary structure - denaturation - protein function - enzymes
0	4	Identification tests of amino acids, denaturation of proteins, study of properties of amino acids through titration techniques
5	0	Nucleic acids - structure of DNA and RNA - DNA replication - DNA transcription, RNA translation, and protein formation - the genetic code - mutations
0	2	Nucleic acids and information flow: replication, transcription and translation
6	0	Biochemical energetics and actabolic processes - structure and role of ATP - NAD+, FAD, and biochemical oxidation-reduction reactions - the citric acid cycle - the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation - glycolysis and anaerobic degradation of glucose - degradation of fatty acids
0	3	Capstone in stereochemistry: adventures in mirror image land
2	0	Final exams

Learning Outcomes and Objectives

Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:

analyze the fundamental features of chemistry including measurement of physical properties such as mass, volume, density, pressure, temperature, solutions, concentrations, and dilutions.
apply the concept of unit analysis towards medical dosage calculations.
differentiate between physical and chemical properties of matter.
name and write chemical formulae of cations, anions, inorganic, and organic compounds.
evaluate various types of chemical reactions, both organic and inorganic.
qualitatively compare spontaneous and nonspontaneous processes.
analyze the phenomena of diffusion, osmosis, dialysis, and transport mechanisms of particles through cell membranes based on their physical properties.
describe intermolecular forces and apply them in the understanding of basic principles of biochemistry and physical characteristics of organic compounds.
differentiate between functional groups when they appear in an organic structure.
relate the physical and chemical properties of compounds containing functional groups.
differentiate typical acid and base formulae and compare the behavior associated with acids and bases.
apply Le Chatlier's equilibrium principles in the understanding of blood buffers.
distinguish various functions of four major classes of biomolecules in living cells.
distinguish key structural features and properties of these classes of biomolecules.
compare the processes of DNA replication, transcription, and translation.
compare major biochemical components in common catabolic pathways for carbohydrates and fatty acids and compare the output from those processes.